Fri Mar 17 2023

90 articles - From Friday Mar 10 2023 to Friday Mar 17 2023

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Endosc Int Open

Effect of biopsy protocol adherence vs non-adherence on dysplasia detection rates in Barrett's esophagus surveillance endoscopies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that four-quadrant biopsy protocol adherence is associated with increased detection of dysplasia in BE patients. Efforts should be made to increase biopsy protocol adherence rates.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Cold snare versus cold forceps polypectomy for endoscopic resection of diminutive polyps: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

CFP using large capacity or jumbo biopsy forceps is non-inferior to CSP for complete resection of diminutive polyps.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

5-aminosalicylate maintenance is not superior to no maintenance in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease-A nationwide cohort study.

First-line 5-ASA monotherapy was not superior to no-MT but associated with a slightly higher rates of adverse events, while both strategies have declined over the years. These findings suggest that a subset of patients with mild CD may be offered a watchful waiting approach.

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Cost-effectiveness of an adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in adults with inflammatory bowel disease.

In our model, vaccination with RZV was cost-effective for al adult patients with IBD.

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Entecavir versus tenofovir on prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy.

Both TDF and ETV showed similar health benefits in terms of recurrence and OS in patients with HBV-related HCC patients after hepatectomy.

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Longitudinal association between overweight years, polygenic risk and NAFLD, significant fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Overweight-years is strongly associated with NAFLD and clinically significant fibrosis and combined with polygenic risk may assist in defining the trajectory of NAFLD.

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Prevalence and impact of faecal incontinence among individuals with Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome.

Among individuals with Rome IV IBS, one-in-four repo rted FI according to Rome IV criteria. Physicians should ask patients with IBS about FI routinely.

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Am J Gastroenterol

Effectiveness of fenofibrate in treatment-naïve patients with primary biliary cholangitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

In this randomized clinical trial in treatment-naïve patients with PBC, the combination of fenofibrate and UDCA resulted in a significantly higher biochemical response rate. Fenofibrate seemed to be well-tolerated in patients.

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Evaluation of computer aided detection during colonoscopy in the community (AI-SEE): a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Use of CADe did not result in a statistically significant difference in the number of adenomas detected. Additional studies are needed to better understand why some endoscopists derive substantial benefits from CADe and others do not. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04555135.

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Increased Risk of Hospitalization, Surgery and Venous Thromboembolism Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Malnutrition in a Large, Community-Based Healthcare System.

Malnutrition risk is significantly associated IBD-related hospitalization, surgery, and venous thromboembolism. Application of the MUST score to the EMR can efficiently identify patients at risk for malnutrition and adverse outcomes, permitting concentration of nutritional and non-nutritional resources to those at greatest risk.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Comparison of a polysaccharide hemostatic powder and conventional therapy for peptic ulcer bleeding.

PHP is not inferior to conventional treatments and could be of use in initial endoscopic treatment for PUB. Further studies are needed to confirm the re-bleeding rate of PHP (ClinicalTrials.gov 02717416).

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Risk-stratified screening for colorectal cancer using genetic and environmental risk factors: A cost-effectiveness analysis based on real-world data.

Personalized screening for CRC, accounting for competing causes of death risk, could result in highly tailored individual screening programs. However, average improvements across the population in QALYG and cost-effectiveness compared with uniform screening are small.

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Upadacitinib is Effective and Safe in Both Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease: Prospective Real-World Experience.

In this large real-world experience in medically-resistant patients with UC or CD, we describe that upadacitinib is rapidly effective and safe, including in those who had prior tofacitinib exposure.

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Endosc Int Open

Efficacy and safety of repeated endoscopic radial incision and cutting procedure for benign esophageal stricture.

Repeated RIC could be effective in the short-term and safe even for patients with refractory benign esophageal stricture after the first RIC. However, it cannot be considered curative treatment for refractory stricture because of poor long-term results.

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Occupational radiation dose from gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures with special emphasis on eye lens doses in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

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Gastroenterology

A liquid biopsy signature for the early-detection of patients with gastric cancer.

EV-derived GClnc1 serves as a circulating biomarker for the early detection of gastric cancer, thus providing opportunities for curative surgery and improved survival outcomes.

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A TEAD2-driven endothelial-like program shapes basal-like differentiation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

Our findings implicate a TEAD2-CD109-JAK/STAT axis in the basal-like differentiated pancreatic cancer cells and as a potential therapeutic vulnerability.

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A therapeutically targetable TAZ-TEAD2 pathway drives the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma via ANLN and KIF23.

Our results suggest the cholesterol-TAZ-TEAD2-ANLN/KIF23 pathway as mediator of HCC proliferation and tumor cell-intrinsic therapeutic target that could be synergistically combined with TIME-targeted therapies.

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BMPR2 as a novel predisposition gene for hereditary colorectal polyposis.

Collectively, these results support loss-of-function BMPR2 variants as candidates to be involved in CRC germline predisposition.

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Host sorbitol and bacterial sorbitol utilization promote C. difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease.

Sorbitol and sorbitol utilization in the infecting C. difficile strain play major roles for the pathogenesis and epidemiology of CDI in IBD patients. CDI in IBD patients may thus be avoided or improved by elimination of dietary sorbitol or suppression of host-derived sorbitol production.

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Lymphatic invasion of plakoglobin-dependent tumor cell clusters drives formation of polyclonal lung metastases in colon cancer.

Lung and liver metastasis formation are fundamentally distinct processes, with different evolutionary bottlenecks, seeding entities, and anatomical routing. Polyclonal lung-metastases originate from plakoglobin-dependent tumor cell-clusters entering the lymphatic vasculature at the primary tumor site.

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Refining classification of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes via proteogenomic integration reveals new therapeutic prospects.

This large-scale proteogenomic analysis provides information beyond that obtained with genomic analysis, allowing the functional impact of genomic alterations to be discerned. These findings may assist in the stratification of patients with iCC and in developing rational therapeutic strategies.

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Single-cell Profiling of Tumor Immune Microenvironment Reveals Immune Irresponsiveness in Gastric Signet-ring Cell Carcinoma.

Our study provides a comprehensive molecular portrait of immune cell compositions and cell states in advanced GC patients, highlighting adaptive immune irresponsiveness in GSRCC and a mediator role of CXCL13 in TIME. Our targeted single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic profiling represents a powerful approach for TIME-oriented translational research.

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The efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy vs. pneumatic dilation as treatment for patients with achalasia suffering from persistent or recurrent symptoms after laparoscopic Heller myotomy. A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL.

Among achalasia patients with persistent or recurrent symptoms after LHM, POEM resulted in a significantly higher success rate than PD, with a numerically higher incidence of grade A-B reflux esophagitis.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Missed opportunities for screening for Barrett's esophagus in the primary care setting of a large health system.

Numerous screening opportunities for Barrett's esophagus are missed in the primary care setting of a large health system. Collaboration between gastroenterology and primary care services is needed to improve the screening rate.

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Real-World Evidence of Safety and Effectiveness of Barrett's Endoscopic Therapy.

Real-world, population-based evidence from this large database shows that endoscopic therapy is safe and effective for BE patients. Endoscopic therapy is associated with a significantly lower 3-year mortality; however, it leads to esophageal strictures in 6.5% of treated patients.

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Suprapapillary placement of plastic versus metal stents for malignant biliary hilar obstructions: A multicenter randomized trial.

This phase II randomized trial did not demonstrate any statistically significant difference in stent patency between suprapapillary plastic vs metal stents. Considering the potential advantages of plastic stents for malignant hilar obstruction, these findings suggest that suprapapillary plastic stents could represent a viable alternative to metal stents for this condition.

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Gut

Comprehensive molecular phenotyping of ARID1A-deficient gastric cancer reveals pervasive epigenomic reprogramming and therapeutic opportunities.

Objective Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality, with -mutated GCs targeting both tumour-intrinsic (BRD4-assocatiated promoter activation) and extrinsic (NFKB immunomodulation) cancer phenotypes.

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Hepatology

Differential response of HBV Envelope-specific CD4+ T cells is related to HBsAg loss after stopping nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy.

HBV-specific CD4+T cell responses induced by the targeted peptide possess specificities for long-term viral control and HBsAg loss in CHB patients undergoing NA discontinuation, indicating that CD4+T cells specific for distinct HBV antigens may endow with divergent antiviral potential.

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HBV with precore and basal core promoter mutations exhibits a high replication phenotype and causes ER stress-mediated cell death in humanized liver chimeric mice.

PC and BCP mutations were associated with enhanced viral replication and cell death induced by ER stress using HBV infection models. These mutations might be associated with liver damage in patients with fulminant hepatitis or HBV reactivation.

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Noninvasive assessment of liver disease severity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes.

LSM and AGILE 3+ individually or in low availability setting in sequential combination after FIB-4 or NFS have a similar good diagnostic accuracy for advanced fibrosis and an acceptable diagnostic accuracy for fibrotic NASH in NAFLD patients with T2D.

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Quantifying the benefit of non-selective beta-blockers in the prevention of hepatic decompensation: a Bayesian re-analysis of the PREDESCI trial.

Beta-blocker treatment is associated with a high probability of clinical benefit. This likely translates to a substantial gain in decompensation-free life years at the population level.

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Screening of liver cancer with abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging.

Finally, it is possible one approach will not fit al patients and that strategies should be tailored to the risk of HCC, in particular in relation to the cost and availability of AMRI. Several trials are ongoing to evaluate these questions.

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J Hepatol

Deregulated intracellular pathways define novel molecular targets for HBV-specific CD8 T cell reconstitution in chronic hepatitis B.

Our study delineates a model of CD8 T cell exhaustion whereby multiple interconnected intracellular defects, including telomere shortening, are causally related to NAD depletion suggesting similarities between T cell exhaustion and cell senescence. Correction of these deregulated intracellular functions by NAD supplementation can also restore anti-viral CD8 T cell activity and thus represents a promising potential therapeutic strategy for chronic HBV infection.

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MYC determines lineage commitment in kras driven primary liver cancer development.

The herein reported data establish MYC as a key determinant of lineage commitment in PLC and provide a molecular explanation why common liver damaging risk factors such as alcoholic or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis can either lead to HCC or iCCA.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Curricular representation of neurogastroenterology: A survey among medical students in Germany.

Despite its epidemiological relevance, neurogastroenterology is only weakly represented in medical curricula. Students report low levels of subjective competence in handling NGDs. In general, assessing the learners' perspective on an empirical basis may enrichen the process of national standardization of medical school curricula.

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Epigenetic mechanisms underlying stress-induced visceral pain: Resilience versus vulnerability in a two-hit model of early life stress and chronic adult stress.

The two-hit model of ELS followed by WAS in adulthood revealed that epigenetic dysregulation occurs after exposure to stress in two important periods of life and contributes to the development of visceral hypersensitivity. These aberrant underlying epigenetic changes may explain the exacerbation of stress-induced abdominal pain in IBS patients.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: severe colitis induced by targeted therapies in dermato-oncology beyond check point-inhibitors.

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Review article: An analysis of the pharmacological rationale for selecting drugs to inhibit vomiting or increase gastric emptying during treatment of gastroparesis.

Overall, lack of robust activity indicates a need for novel approaches targeting nausea (e. g., modulating gastric pacemaker or vagal activity, use of receptor agonists or new targets such as GDF15) and objective assessments of nausea.

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Review article: Mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of exclusive enteral nutrition in Crohn's disease.

The mechanisms of action of EEN are likely to involve a complex interplay between host mucosal immune response and luminal environment, but the identity of key factors remains poorly understood. A better definition of pathogenic factors may aid in developing more targeted dietary treatment and provide insights into the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.

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Review article: The need for more efficient and patient-oriented drug development pathways in NASH-setting the scene for platform trials.

PT represent a promising avenue in NASH but there are a number of conundrums that need addressing. It is likely that before a global NASH PT becomes a reality, 'proof-of-platform' at a smaller scale needs to be provided.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Identifying, understanding and managing fecal urgency in inflammatory bowel diseases.

There is an urgent need for a systematic approach to assessment of fecal urgency in inflammatory bowel disease. It is time to consider fecal urgency as an outcome in clinical trials to remedy this disabling symptom.

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Gastroenterology

In Memorium: William Y Chey, MD, DSc, AGAF, FACG.

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J Hepatol

FGF19/FGFR4-mediated elevation of ETV4 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by upregulating PD-L1 and CCL2.

ETV4 is a prognostic biomarker, and anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib may be effective strategies to inhibit HCC metastasis. Impact and implications Here, we reported that ETV4 increased PD-L1 and chemokine CCL2 expression in HCC cells, which resulted in TAMs and MDSCs accumulation and CD8 + T cell inhibition to facilitate HCC metastasis. More importantly, we found that anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib markedly inhibited FGF19-ETV4 signaling mediated HCC metastasis. This preclinical study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of new combination immunotherapy strategies for HCC patients.

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Role of immune responses for development of NAFLD-associated liver cancer and prospects for therapeutic modulation.

Here, we provide an overview of NASH-related inflammation/pathogenesis focusing on new discoveries on the role of T cells in NASH-immunopathology and therapy response. This review discusses preventive measures to halt disease progression to liver cancer and therapeutic strategies to manage NASH-HCC patients.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Functional and anatomical gastric regions and their relations to motility control.

The distributions of aglandular regions and of specialized glands, such as oxyntic glands, differ vastly between species and, across species, have little or no relation to anatomical or functional regions. It is hoped that this review helps to clarify nomenclature that defines gastric regions that will provide an improved basis for drawing conclusions for different investigations of the stomach.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

From Hepaticogastrostomy to Choledochoduodenostomy: A Rare Stent Migration after EUS-guided Hepaticogastrostomy.

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Endoscopy

Additional stenting for hilar cholangiocarcinoma using a novel delivery device after uncovered metallic stent placements.

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Application of a new loop cutter for nylon lines and the reopenable clip-over-line method for large defect closure after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Closure of a large post-endoscopic submucosal dissection mucosal defect in the duodenum with a novel through-the-scope twin clip.

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Colonoscopy surveillance: striving toward less is more?

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Complete sealing of a duodenal perforation during endoscopic submucosal dissection using a novel through-the-scope twin clip.

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Contrast enhancement for undetectable intrahepatic bile duct to facilitate endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy.

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Curative en bloc resection of a laterally spreading mixed-nodular papillary tumor with endoscopic submucosal dissection: a case report.

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Endoscopic laser lithotripsy for a giant duodenal bezoar: the first clinical experience.

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Endoscopic resection of a giant pedunculated lipoma arising from the ileocecal valve and causing ileocolic intussusception.

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection of a neoplastic lesion in the epiglottis assisted by the use of floss traction.

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Endoscopic ultrasonography successfully diagnosed pancreas divisum and santorinicele.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided antegrade dilation using a drill dilator for hepaticojejunostomy stricture with cholangioscopic findings.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided colocolostomy for malignant transverse colon obstruction after failure of enteral stenting.

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Magnetic kissing for the endoscopic treatment of a complete iatrogenic stenosis of the hypopharynx.

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Novel low echo reduction function reduces artifacts in endoscopic ultrasound observation of the gallbladder.

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Precutting and trimming-assisted underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for large early esophageal cancer.

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Retrograde esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection through a gastrostomy.

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Self-expandable metal stent placement for malignant obstruction of the proximal colon using single-balloon enteroscopy.

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Successful ultrasound-assisted endoscopic removal of a fishbone penetrating the full thickness of the antrum wall.

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Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection using a detachable snare for a pedunculated lesion located in the greater curvature of the upper gastric body.

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Gastroenterology

A "two-in-one hit" model of shortcut carcinogenesis in MLH1 Lynch syndrome carriers.

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Abdominal Pain-An Ambiguous Pancreatic Cyst.

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Disease etiology and outcomes after atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in hepatocellular carcinoma: Post-hoc analysis of IMbrave150.

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Nausea, Vomiting, and Abdominal Distention after Atrial Fibrillation Therapy.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Key landmarks to be documented and photographed during colonoscopy.

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Gut

New insights into an old paradigm: why IgA accumulates in alcoholic liver disease and what could be its role.

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Quest for immunological biomarkers in the management of CHB patients.

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Hepatology

Lean NAFLD is associated with adverse liver events and mortality: moving beyond BMI.

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Reply: portal hypertension and variceal bleeding in patients with liver cancer: evidence gaps for prevention and management.

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Roger Williams, CBE, 1931-2020.

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Seeking Editor for Hepatology Communications.

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Seeking Editor for Hepatology Communications.

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The international quest for the imaging diagnosis of liver cancer.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Letter: repeat hepatic resection versus radiofrequency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in ideal candidates - authors' reply.

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Letter: repeat hepatic resection versus radiofrequency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in ideal candidates.

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Letter: trial of antitubercular therapy for diagnosing Crohn's disease in LMICs-double whammy?

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Clinical outcomes in NAFLD.

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Response to Letter to the Editor: Uninvestigated dyspepsia: to scope or not to scope?

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Endosc Int Open

Clinical characteristics and histopathological findings in colorectal polyps among colonoscopy patients at a sub-Saharan hospital.

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Gut

Post-COVID-19 irritable bowel syndrome.

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J Hepatol

How many liver transplantations could be recovered after implementation of donation after cardiac death in Germany?

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Platelet defetcts in cirrhosis: fact or fiction?

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The present evidence summary of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-associated liver injury: A rapid systematic review.

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